Heavy Duty Belt Conveyor Pulley Structure

The structure of a belt conveyor pulley is designed to support and facilitate the movement of a conveyor belt in a conveyor system. MNSTACKER provides conveyor pulleys for mobile bulk materials handling solutions. Here are the key components and features that make up the structure of a typical conveyor pulley:

Shell or Drum

The shell or drum is the cylindrical outer surface of the pulley. It provides the surface on which the conveyor belt moves. The shell is usually made of metal, such as steel, and its diameter can vary based on the specific requirements of the conveyor system. In some mobile conveyor systems, the tail pulley may be a wing pulley, which is used for stacking conveyors and mobile ship loaders for some special materials.

Heavy Duty Belt Conveyor Pulley Structure

Drum Shaft

The pulley is mounted on a shaft, which is a cylindrical rod that runs through the center of the pulley. The shaft is typically made of steel and is supported by bearings at each end to allow for smooth rotation. The design and diameter of the shaft depend on factors like the load capacity and torque requirements.

Hub

The hub is the central part of the pulley that connects the shell to the shaft. It provides a connection point for the shell and is an integral part of transmitting the rotational force from the shaft to the shell.

Pulley Lagging

Pulley lagging is a layer of material, often made of rubber or other friction-enhancing substances, applied to the surface of the shell. It enhances the grip between the pulley and the conveyor belt, preventing slippage. Lagging can also protect the pulley surface from wear and corrosion.

Crowning

Some conveyor pulleys have a crown or taper, where the diameter is slightly larger at the center than at the edges. Crowning helps to center the conveyor belt on the pulley, improving tracking and reducing the risk of belt misalignment.

Keyways and Locking Mechanisms

Keyways are often machined into the shaft to prevent the pulley from slipping on the shaft. Locking mechanisms, such as set screws or locking collars, are used to secure the pulley in place on the shaft.

Bearing Assemblies

Bearings are mounted on the shaft at each end of the pulley to reduce friction and facilitate smooth rotation. The type of bearings used depends on factors like load capacity, speed, and environmental conditions.

Material and Coating

The material used for the pulley structure depends on the application and environmental conditions. Common materials include steel for general applications and stainless steel for corrosive environments. Coatings or treatments may be applied to enhance corrosion resistance.

Welding and Fabrication

The components of the pulley are typically assembled through welding or other fabrication methods. Welding ensures a strong and durable connection between the shell, hub, and shaft.

Balance

Proper balance is crucial for the smooth operation of the conveyor pulley. Balancing is achieved during the manufacturing process to minimize vibration and reduce stress on the bearings and other components.

Access Openings

Some conveyor drum pulleys have access openings or windows to facilitate maintenance tasks, such as drum pulley lagging replacement or bearing lubrication.

Understanding the structure of a conveyor pulley and its various components is essential for selecting the right pulley for a specific conveyor system. The design and construction of the pulley should be tailored to the requirements of the application, including load capacity, belt tension, and environmental conditions. Consulting with conveyor system experts or manufacturers can provide valuable guidance in choosing the most suitable conveyor pulley for your needs.